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Ares Vallis is an outflow channel on Mars, named after the Greek name for Mars: Ares, the god of war; it appears to have been carved by fluids, perhaps water. The valley 'flows' northwest out of the hilly Margaritifer Terra, where the Iani Chaos depression long and wide) is connected to the beginning of Ares Vallis by a wide transition zone centered on 342.5° East (17.5 West) and 3° North.〔(Mars Express - Ancient floods on Mars: Iani Chaos and Ares Vallis ), ESA, June 1, 2005〕 It then continues through the ancient Xanthe Terra highlands, and ends in a delta-like region of Chryse Planitia. Ares Vallis was the landing site of NASA's ''Mars Pathfinder'' spacecraft, which studied a region of the valley near the border with Chryse in 1997. It has been argued that Uzboi, Ladon, Margaritifer and Ares valles, although now separated by large craters, once comprised a single outflow channel flowing north into Chryse Planitia.〔Parker, T.J., Clifford, S.m., and Banerdt, W.B. (2000). Argyre Planitia and the Mars global hydrologic cycle. LPSC XXXI, Abstract 2033.〕 The source of this outflow has been suggested as overflow from the Argyre crater, formerly filled to the brim as a lake by channels (Surius, Dzigai, and Palacopus Valles) draining down from the south pole. If real, the full length of this drainage system would be over 8000 km, the longest known drainage path in the solar system. Under this suggestion, the extant form of the outflow channel Ares Vallis would thus be a remolding of a pre-existing structure. This long path for water flow has been named the * Uzboi-Landon-Morava (ULM) system. Water from this system may have helped to form Ares Vallis.〔Carr, M. 1979. Formation of Martian flood features by the release of water from confined aquifers. J. Geophys. Res. 84, 2995-3007.〕 〔Carr, M., G. Clow. 1981. Martian channels and valleys: their characteristics, distribution, and age. Icarus: 48 (1), 91-117.〕 〔Grant, J., T. Parker. 2002. Drainage evolution of the Margaritifer Sinus region, Mars. J. Geophys. Res. 107, doi:10.1029/2001JE001678.〕 〔Grant., J. et al. 2009. Geologic map of MTM-20012 and -25012 quadrangles, Margaritifer Terra region of Mars, U.S. Geol. Sur, Scientific Investigations Map 3041, scale 1:1,000,000.〕 〔Rotto, S., K. Tanaka. 1995. Geologic/Geomorphic map of the Chryse Planitia region of Mars, U.S. Geol. Surv. Invest. Ser. Map I-2441, scale 1:5M.〕 Research, published in January 2010, suggests that Mars had lakes, each around 20 km wide, along parts of the equator. Although earlier research showed that Mars had a warm and wet early history that has long since dried up, these lakes existed in the Hesperian Epoch, a much earlier period. Using detailed images from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the researchers speculate that there may have been increased volcanic activity, meteorite impacts or shifts in Mars' orbit during this period to warm Mars' atmosphere enough to melt the abundant ice present in the ground. Volcanoes would have released gases that thickened the atmosphere for a temporary period, trapping more sunlight and making it warm enough for liquid water to exist. In this new study, channels were discovered that connected lake basins near Ares Vallis. When one lake filled up, its waters overflowed the banks and carved the channels to a lower area where another lake would form. These lakes would be another place to look for evidence of present or past life. File:Quadrângulo de Oxia Palus.JPG|Quadrangle map of Oxia Palus labeled with major features. This quadrangle contains many collapsed areas of Chaos and many outflow channels (old river valleys). Ares Vallis is near bottom center. Wikichaosmap.jpg|Tography map of Oxia Palus region of Mars showing the location of a number of chaos regions and valleys, including Ares Vallis File:Erosion features in Ares Vallis.JPG|Erosion features in Ares Vallis, as seen by THEMIS File:Ares Vallis from Viking.jpg|Ares Vallis, as seen by Viking. The channel is 25 km wide and about 1 km deep. It would be quite spectacular to walk down this valley. File:Channels in Ares Vallis Region.jpg|Channels in the Ares Vallis region, as seen by HiRISE. File:Ares Valles.JPG|Ares Vallis, as seen by HiRISE Image:Mars pathfinder panorama large.jpg|A panoramic view of part of Ares Vallis taken by ''Mars Pathfinder'' == See also == * Mars * Mars Pathfinder * Outflow channels * Uzboi-Landon-Morava (ULM) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ares Vallis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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